Riot shields require a compact and mobile design. As a result, most riot shields weigh less than ballistic shields.
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The shield&#;s weight will vary by size, thickness, features, and materials used. Rectangular shields tend to weigh between 6 and 14 lbs (2.7 - 6.5 kg) while most circular shields weigh around 4 - 5 lbs (1.8 - 2.3 kg).
Riot shields are typically round or rectangular in shape and are made of transparent polycarbonate or plastic. While their size can vary, most rectangular shields tend to be between 36 and 48 inches long, which will generally cover a user&#;s body from head to knee. These shields are typically 20 to 24 inches (51-61 cm) wide. Circular shields are commonly 24 inches (61 cm) in diameter.
These shields have to have a combination of speed and durability. They need to be strong enough to withstand the impact and dangers from projectiles and threats (like flames in the Hong Kong protest image below) as well as be light and compact enough for an officer to use quickly.
Most riot shields are flat or concave (curves inward) to deflect projectiles, liquids, and other hazards. Some capture shields are convex (curve outward). These are helpful when an officer or agent wants to pin an aggressor against a wall as often happens in corrections during cell extractions and violent outbursts. Some shields are designed to interlock to increase protection in large scale disturbances. This forces officers to work together to ensure there are no protection gaps.
Finally, there are hybrid shields like the EXS-B02 pictured below. These have a bubble design that curves outwards. This is to make sure that when liquids are thrown, they do not reach the shield carrier. This is also a heavy duty &#;bubble&#; riot shield used for aggressive riot operations. The outwards facing bubble allows the user to move freely behind it during anti-riot operations with aggressive protestors.
As mentioned above, most shields are clear, which allows the officer to see without obstructions.
Some riot shields are made of aluminum alloy or other metals. While these reduce some of the officer&#;s visibility, they do provide a tactical advantage as protestors cannot see what the officer is holding. These are popular in riot situations where there may be flammable threats like molotov cocktails. They also perform well in dealing with projectiles. Some of these metal shields even have holes drilled into them to allow the officers to see.
Select shield models can be customized with ID labels or name plates on the front that identify the agency like Police, Corrections, Security, and Sheriff. As can be seen in the image above (Photo Credit: Reuters, Jorge Cabrera) , this is helpful in identifying to what department they belong.
Riot shield manufacturers also consider the health and well-being of rioters as well. Simple design features like rounded edges and protective rubber buffers that cover any outward facing bolt heads help minimize damage and pain if someone is hit by a shield.
Riot shields need to be lightweight and comfortable to hold and operate for extended periods. The shield angle needs to be adjusted quickly and easily to block or deflect the threat as well as possible. In addition, the shield position needs to be adjusted easily to allow the officer to move forward or backward or even run if needed.
Handle design is of tremendous value in making all this possible. There is a fantastic resource on CorrectionsOne that gives information on shield handles. A couple key handle design points from that article are listed below:
Some handle types include:
For cases where physical confrontation is a possibility, an additional arm holder (usually a strap) can be added, so that the shield is held in two places; by the hand and around the arm. These are ambidextrous designs that work with either hand though the shield needs to be rotated 180 degrees to switch carrying hands. This is the likely reason why some riot shields in pictures have ID labels (Police, Sheriff, etc.) that appear upside down.
Like anything else, sometimes handles break and need to be replaced. Select manufacturers offer replacement handles. Consult the manufacturer recommendations and warranty before purchasing or installing a unique handle system to an existing shield.
Riot shields are designed with no outward protrusions (surface or item) that can act as a handle or point for protestors to grab onto. That means that any accessories need to be mounted to the inside of the shield or incorporated into the handle.
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For example, the Take Down Tactical Handle from Mace Tactical Solutions can be mounted to the inside of shields to deliver OC aerosol spray to most riot or capture shields.
Thanks to Tracey Willmott, Mario Cugini, Phillip Spencer and Chris Sfedu for their assistance.
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